PSG has now secured the prestigious trophy on 14 different occasions.
The Parisian giants needed a dramatic equaliser followed by a successful penalty shootout to overcome their arch-rivals in Kuwait and secure a fourth straight French Super Cup title.
The Champions League holders seemed to be sailing towards a comfortable triumph in the showdown between the French league winners and the French Cup holders after Ousmane Dembele opened the net in the opening stages.
However, Marseille struck two times late to take a surprise advantage. Initially, the English forward converted from the penalty spot, before the defender inadvertently directed the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a remarkable turn of fortune, Goncalo Ramos grabbed a vital leveler in the final seconds to force the contest into a deciding shootout. The Parisian shot-stopper Lucas Chevalier then stood as the key figure, stopping decisive attempts from O'Riley and Traore.
In the shootout, Ramos, the midfielder, Nuno Mendes, and the young talent all scored with composure for Paris Saint-Germain to seal a 4-1 shootout win.
The record winners PSG, who faced last season's Ligue 1 runners-up Marseille after completing a league and cup double, have now lifted this competition for the twelfth time in the past thirteen seasons.